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UV fixed point : ウィキペディア英語版
Ultraviolet fixed point
In a quantum field theory, one may calculate an effective
or running coupling constant that defines the
coupling of the theory measured at a given momentum scale.
One example of such a coupling constant
is the electric charge. In
approximate calculations in several
quantum field theories, notably quantum electrodynamics
and theories of the Higgs particle, the running coupling
appears to become infinite at a finite momentum scale.
This is
sometimes called the Landau pole problem. It is not
known whether the appearance of these inconsistencies is
an artifact of the approximation, or a real fundamental
problem in the theory. However, the problem can be avoided
if an ultraviolet or UV fixed point appears in the theory.
A quantum field theory has a UV fixed point if its renormalization group flow approaches a fixed point in the ultraviolet (i.e. short length scale/large energy) limit.
This is related to zeroes of the beta-function appearing in the Callan-Symanzik equation.
The large length scale/small energy limit counterpart is the infrared fixed point.
==Specific cases and details==
Among other things, it means that a theory possessing a
UV fixed point may not be an effective field theory, because it is well-defined at arbitrarily small distance scales. At the UV fixed point itself, the theory can behave as a conformal field theory.
The converse statement, that any QFT which is valid at all distance scales (i.e. isn't an effective field theory) has a UV fixed point is false. See, for example, cascading gauge theory.
Noncommutative quantum field theories have a UV cutoff even though they are not effective field theories.
Physicists distinguish between trivial and nontrivial fixed points. If a UV fixed point is trivial (generally known as Gaussian fixed point), the theory is said to be asymptotically free. On the other hand, a scenario, where a non-Gaussian (i.e. nontrival) fixed point is approached in the UV limit, is referred to as asymptotic safety. Asymptotically safe theories may be well defined at all scales despite being nonrenormalizable in perturbative sense (according to the classical scaling dimensions).

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Ultraviolet fixed point」の詳細全文を読む



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